In most people, GERD symptoms may last only a short time and require no treatment at all. Other things that provoke GERD symptoms include being overweight, eating certain types of foods, or being pregnant. These symptoms, often called acid reflux, are usually described by people as heartburn, indigestion, or " gas." The symptoms typically consist of a burning sensation below and behind the lower part of the breastbone or sternum.Īlmost everyone has experienced these symptoms at least once, typically as a result of overeating. The stomach produces acid and enzymes to digest food, and when this mixture refluxes into the esophagus more frequently than normal or for a longer period of time than normal, it may produce symptoms.
However, it is not necessarily a serious one or one that requires seeing a physician. When it happens frequently, particularly when not trying to belch, and when it causes other symptoms, then it is considered a medical problem or disease. Having liquids or gas occasionally reflux is considered normal. While these functions of the esophagus are obviously an important part of everyday life, people who must have their esophagus removed, for example because of cancer, can live a relatively healthy life without it. The esophagus quickly squeezes the material back into the stomach, and this is considered normal. When people belch to release swallowed air or gas from carbonated beverages, the sphincters relax and small amounts of food or drink may come back up briefly this condition is called reflux. These muscles make it possible to swallow while lying down or even upside-down. The muscles then close rapidly to prevent the swallowed food or drink from leaking out of the stomach back into the esophagus or into the mouth. When a person swallows, the sphincters relax automatically to allow food or drink to pass from the mouth and into the stomach. The muscular layers of the esophagus are normally pinched together at both the upper and lower ends by muscles called sphincters.
They then feel the movement of the food or drink down the esophagus into the stomach, which may be an uncomfortable sensation. Many people have felt their esophagus when they swallow something too large, try to eat too quickly, or drink very hot or very cold liquids. This process is automatic and people are usually not aware of it. The esophagus transports food to the stomach by coordinated contractions of its muscular lining. Food can then be properly digested over time, and nutrients can be absorbed by the intestines.
The stomach then acts as a container to start digestion and pump food and liquids into the intestines in a controlled process. The esophagus seems to have only one important function in the body-to carry food, liquids, and saliva from the mouth to the stomach. It is associated with the very common condition " gastroesophageal reflux disease" (GERD). Barrett's esophagus is estimated to affect about 700,000 adults in the United States. While Barrett's esophagus may cause no symptoms itself, a small number of people with this condition develop a relatively rare, but often deadly, type of cancer of the esophagus called esophageal adenocarcinoma. This process is called intestinal metaplasia. Barrett's esophagus is a condition in which the esophagus, the muscular tube that carries food and saliva from the mouth to the stomach, changes so that some of its lining is replaced by a type of tissue similar to that normally found in the intestine.
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